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In object-oriented programming, there is a principle with a rather long name: the Interface Segregation Principle (ISP). It may sound academic, but the idea is very simple: “Don’t...

If you’ve ever heard of SOLID, then the letter L stands for Liskov Substitution Principle. The name sounds very academic, but at its core, it revolves around a very simple idea: >...

WHAT IS OCP? The Open/Closed Principle is defined as follows: > Software entities should be open for extension, but closed for modification. It may sound a bit “philosophical,” but...

In real-world projects, code often grows in a “just put everything in” manner. A service that initially had only 50 lines can suddenly turn into a 1,000-line monster with dozens of...

I. INTRODUCTION * When developing a software project, we not only focus on features but also need to consider performance and long-term scalability. * A system may run smoothly at...

1. INTRODUCTION * You sit in front of the screen, the cursor blinking in the editor, but you don’t want to write another line of code. The current project feels too dull, and the...